Mu 2019, US FDA idalengeza lingaliro latsopano loti mwazinthu 16 zoteteza dzuwa zomwe zili pamsika waku US, zinc oxide ndi titanium dioxide zimawonjezedwa kuzinthu zoteteza dzuwa ngati "GRASE" (Zomwe zimadziwika kuti ndizotetezeka komanso zothandiza).PABA ndi Trolamine Salicylate si "GRASE" kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito pa sunscreens chifukwa cha chitetezo.Komabe, izi zimachotsedwa mwatsatanetsatane, ndipo zimamveka kuti ma sunscreen agents okha-nano zinc oxide ndi titanium dioxide-ndi otetezeka komanso ogwira ntchito pazitsulo zoteteza dzuwa, mankhwala ena oteteza dzuwa sakhala otetezeka komanso ogwira mtima.M'malo mwake, kumvetsetsa kolondola ndikuti ngakhale US FDA imawona kuti nano-zinc oxide ndi titanium dioxide ndi "GRASE", sizitanthauza kuti mankhwala ena 12 oteteza dzuwa sali GRASE, komabe alibe chidziwitso chokwanira chachitetezo kuti awonetse. .Nthawi yomweyo, a FDA akufunsanso makampani oyenerera kuti apereke zambiri zothandizira chitetezo.
Kuonjezera apo, a FDA adachitanso mayesero a zachipatala pa "kutsekemera kwa dzuwa kudzera pakhungu m'magazi" ndipo adapeza kuti zinthu zina zoteteza dzuwa zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa sunscreens, ngati zimatengedwa ndi thupi pamlingo wapamwamba, zingayambitse matenda.chiopsezo.Zotsatira za kuyeserazo zitangosindikizidwa, zinayambitsa zokambirana zofala padziko lonse lapansi, ndipo pang'onopang'ono zinayambitsa kusamvetsetsana kwa ogula wamba omwe sankadziwa choonadi.Iwo ankakhulupirira mwachindunji kuti zoteteza dzuwa zimatha kulowa m'magazi ndipo sizikhala zotetezeka kwa thupi la munthu, ndipo ngakhale mbali imodzi amakhulupirira kuti zoteteza dzuwa zinali zovulaza thanzi ndipo sizingagwiritsidwe ntchito.
Akuti a FDA adalemba anthu odzipereka a 24, omwe adagawidwa m'magulu a 4, ndipo adayesa zoteteza dzuwa zomwe zili ndi 4 zosiyana zoteteza dzuwa mu ndondomekoyi.Choyamba, odziperekawo adapereka 75% ya khungu lonse la thupi, malinga ndi mlingo wa 2mg/cm2, 4 pa tsiku kwa masiku 4 otsatizana kuti agwiritse ntchito sunscreen.Kenaka, zitsanzo za magazi a anthu odzipereka zinasonkhanitsidwa kwa masiku 7 otsatizana ndipo zomwe zili ndi sunscreen m'magazi zinayesedwa.Kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti khungu dera la munthu wamkulu ndi za 1.5-2 ㎡ .Kungotengera mtengo wapakati wa 1.8 ㎡, ngati awerengeredwa molingana ndi kuchuluka kwanthawi zonse, kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta oteteza dzuwa ndi odzipereka ndi pafupifupi 2 × 1.8 × 10000/1000 = 36g pakuyesa, ndipo kuchuluka kwa kanayi patsiku ndi 36 × 4 = 144g pa.Nthawi zambiri, khungu la nkhope limakhala pafupifupi 300-350cm², kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta oteteza dzuwa kumodzi kumateteza tsiku lonse.Mwanjira iyi, kuchuluka kwa kugwiritsidwa ntchito kowerengedwa ndi 2 × 350/1000 = 0.7g, ngakhale kukonzanso kuphatikizidwe, pafupifupi 1 .0 ~ 1.5g.Ngati mutengere kuchuluka kwa magalamu a 1.5, kuwerengera ndi 144 / 1.5 = 96 nthawi. Masiku 4 ndi 1.5×4=6g.Choncho, kusiyana pakati pa mlingo wa 576 magalamu ndi 6 magalamu a sunscreen ndi yaikulu kwambiri ndipo zotsatira zake ndi zoonekeratu.
Mafuta oteteza dzuwa omwe anayesedwa ndi a FDA pakuyesera kumeneku anali benzophenone-3, octoclilin, avobenzone, ndi TDSA.Pakati pawo, chidziwitso chokha cha benzophenone-3 chimaposa zomwe zimatchedwa "mtengo wachitetezo", pafupifupi nthawi 400 kuposa muyezo, octocrylene ndi avobenzone zonse zili mkati mwa nthawi 10, ndipo p-xylylenedicamphorsulfonic acid Sizidziwika.
Mwachidziwitso, kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta oteteza ku dzuwa mosalekeza kumapangitsa kuti pakhale zambiri.N’zosadabwitsa kuti ngakhale mafuta oteteza kudzuŵa amadziŵika m’magazi poyesedwa kwambiri.Ma sunscreens amavomerezedwa ndikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa zaka zopitirira makumi ambiri, mayiko ambiri adayendetsa mafuta oteteza dzuwa ngati mankhwala, ndipo mpaka pano palibe deta yokwanira yofufuza kuti atsimikizire kuti ali ndi zotsatira zowonongeka pa thupi la munthu.
Nthawi yotumiza: Sep-09-2022
